Apparatus for pointing bolts



APPARATUS FORPOINTING BOLTS Filled Nov. 24, 1922 f s sheets-sheen 1 a FIBJ.. i

/ MZ@ WWW 1,515,187 J. CRAIG APPARATUS FOR POINTING BoLTs I Filed Nov. 24, 1922 3 sheets-shame Flam, 4

1,515,187 J. cla/mcs APPARATUS FGR PO I NTI NG l BOLTS 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 i istanti Janus onere, suenan, erinnern/*Aura APARATUS FOR PONTING BOLTS.

Application tiled November 2e, 1922. Serial No. 602,959.

To all lwhom t may cof/wcm.;

Be itv known that l, latins Cnam, residua?` at Butler, in the county crc Butler and @l L Ytai, of Pennsylvania, a citizen ot the Unit,

L d States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful improvements ini-apparatus 'for Pointing` Bolts, ot which improvements the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the machining ot bolts and more particularly to the turning ot pointed or rounded ends upon bolts. Bolts are formed from rolled stocli 'trom which ordinarily lengths of material are sheared, and it is requisite to torni by cut ting operation a point upon the shearedpfi length of stock or upon the blank otheiavise prepared. The objects ot my invention are simplicity of structure and adequacy and economy in operation. The invention is found not in apparatus merely but also in a method of etlecting the desired cut.

This application is a` continuation in part derived trom my application tiled June 6th, 192i, Serial No. 75289, non' -latent No. 1,440,376, .lune 2, 1923. ln the parent application i have retained the method claims only, and in this application l shall describe and claim the apparatus.

ln a third application led March .ltlu 1921. Serial No. 453,264, non* Patent No. LAL-L'iOT, Jan. 2, i923., au application still pending in the Patent Oiiice, l have described and claimed a boltpointingl machine of the same general character as that to which my present invention is addressed. lt is characteristic oi' thatl machine and of the machine oit my present invention also that the bolt under vtri-atinentis rolled in a slot formed by and between opposite parallel cylindrical surfaces, the Width ot the slot being equal to the diameter oi' the bolt blank. One of these tvvo surices is stationarv the other is movable, rotating on the con artis `oi the tivo cylindrical suriaces. it i.. be Vunderstood that, it cylincrical article be so rolled between piane surfaces extend parallel one to the other, tle a which the rolled article Will adir-.nce will be exactly half the rate of relative mover-nent of the tivo surtaces; but it will further be understood that, when the rolling is between cylindrical surfaces, the rate ot advance the rolled article will not ce li t1 e surface speed of the moving cylin rical sur'- ace. rhere is a new factor introduced., namely, the di'llerence in radius ot curvature (in the machine of my prior application alluded to) the bolt, as a matter ot tact, lags somewhat-that is to say, advances at something less than haliv the surface speed .oit the moving cylindrical surface (the .surface oit smaller radius). l have in the specificatioiof that earlier application described the cutter :tor pointing the bolt as advancing .at substantially halt the speed at which the more able cylinder advances, and it will be understood from what has just been said that there must be a nicene'ss of ,adjustment oil: relative speeds, to bring it about that the cutter shall advance in exact synchronism With the bolt blank.

ln the machine or" my present invention l eliminate the necessity ot minutely adjustinO' the rate oi advance of the cutter, to `accord exactly with the .ra-te of advance of the blank.' l cause the cutter to advance at eifactly halt the speed of the moving cylinder and, adopting a` cutter of the particular construction presently to be described, .l talle advantage of the difference in the rate .ot advance of cutter and of bolt blank, to effect the cutting operation.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view ot the machine of my present invention seen in end elevation; a similar view, drawn to larger scale, and ali'ording a more minute illustration of a certain feature ot the invention; Figure lll is a view corresponding in scale with Figure l and showing the machine partly in side elevation, partly in medial and vertical sec tion; Figure lV is a view in side elevation and to larger scale than Figure lll, showing in detail certain elements ot the machine; Figures V and Vl are diagrammatic illustrations ol the manner in which cutting is etlected; Figure VH is a view in plan and in side elevation ot a modification of, a refinement in the shape oi the ltnitei, and Figure fill is a vview Ain elevation oi a bolt With a blunt point such as may be formed by employing such a lrni'fe as is pan ticularly illustrated in Fig. VH.

On a shaft l, suitably mounted and rotated from a. suitable sourceoi' power, is integrally carried a drum 2. At an interval from and opposite the periphery oil drum 2, a stationary bloclr 3 is mounted. rthis bloclr presents to drum 2 a. concave cylindrical face, and its curvature is concentric With the ylindrical 'face of drum l2, the interval at Figure Il isv which drinn 2 and block 3 stand apart (an inter 'al equal to the diaineter of the bolt to be pointed) ina-y be nicely adjusted by securing` block 3 to a. standard t by bolt-s 5. 'the body of this standard (which as presently will appear serves other and additional purposes) is arranged opposite drum 2 at one side and at an interval from drinn lt stands as shown in Figure lll to rearyard of drinn 2, on the right. Sha-ft l ei;- tends through an opening in this stand ard. As shown in Figure the peripheral extent of bloclr 3 around drinn 2 amounts to approximately 1800. rllhe angular extent of this block is however not a i'natter of limitation; for, as will be apparent in the sequel, its extent may be greater or less, according to the particular shape and position of the lrnife and the consequent rapidity with ivhich cutting is ei'fected. lf the extent be,

advantageously it is, apprinziinately 1800, the block will, in order 'to nialre possible the desired adjustment, be composed of sections.

rllhe space between drinn 2 and block il constitutes a slot a; in this instance itl seini-circrnnferential in its extent. vWhen the machine is assembled it Will be understood that :i bolt introduced into this slot sind lying in a line parallel with the anis of rotation (that is to say, longitudinally of the drinn)` will be simultaneously tangent to the opposite faces of drinn and of block. lt vill further be understood that rotation of drinn -3 Within the stationary blockl 3 Will cause a bolt so lying between, t-o roll. As the bolt rolls, it will advance along the slot in the direction in 'which the drinn turns, and from what has gone before. it Will be understood that the rate of bolt advance relatively to block 3 will be slight-ly less than one-half the rate at which the surface of drinn 2 turns relatively to block Accordingly, each complete rotation of drinn ivill ef Vlect the advance of the bolt sonic-thing less than half Way around the drinn; or if the slot extends exactly halt Way round the drinn, then it will require a little inore than one. complete rotation of the drum to cause a bolt blank to advance throughout the entire length of the slot.

lili' hat nfiay be the value of this difference, What niay be the actual value of the lag of the advancing bolt, is an ascertainable amount, calculable froin the difference between the radii of cin t ire of the two opposing cylindrical surfaces.

Loosely mounted for free turning upon shaft l, but secure against longitudinal movement upon the shaft, is the cutter Wheel 12. ltis arranged to rearward, that is to say on the right-hind side (F lll) of drinn 2. The hub T of the cutter Wheel. is prolonged and extends freely through the opening in standard ll. rthis cutter Wheel lil is caused to rotate in the saine direction ivith drinn 2 and at half the speed of drinn 2 by gearing interposed between shaft l and hub T, this gearing being indicated at 8, 9, l0 and 1l.

The cutter Wheel l2 carries the cutter i3, its cutting edge -c (as appears in Figure ll) entends at once longitudinally of and also transversely of the slot ci, and (as appears in Figure Aui) in the direction of the axis of the cylindrical surfaces which define the slot a. ln other Words, it is oblique both to the radius and to the axis of the cylindrical surfaces. lliirtl'ierniore, as Will appear in the uppermost presentation in Figure lll, there is clearance in the formation of this knife 13 frein its cutting edge rearward, that .is to the right. The length of this li'nife measured in the line of its travel is equal approximately to the lag above described of the bolt blank in its advance through slot a, less the diaineter of the bolt blanlr itself.

Adjacent the intake end of slot a (the right-hand end, Fig. l), a bar 14 is in sta ticnary manner secured to constitute a shelf on which, as is best indicated in Fig. ll, a blanlf Z is inode to lie With its body more than hallt enclosed in slot a. it this intake end the slot o is somewhat widened, as will preferably be effected by modifying slightly the curvature of the face of bloei; 3, so that as the introduced blank l rests on the shell' la, it Will not be picked up and rolled along:` by the incre rotation of drinn 2. Drurn i is provided With one or incre pairs of pivotv ed lingers l5, (cf, Figs. lli and lily Whose free ends are held normally under spring tension to protrude slightly beyond the civvv lindrical surface oit' drinn 2, and are so particularly shaped that, in the rotation oi' the drinn, they corne to position as is indi-- cated in llligiire ll, and engage an introv duced blank (Z, and cro/ivd llt against the slot-forming surface of blocl; 2l, and canse thc blanlr to beg.. to roll. Vlhese 'lingers areV so shaped and proportioned that they ca :ry the blank rolling along slot w until th. Inodi'cation in the shape of the slot alluded to above has been passed, and until the blank cornes into the normal portion of slot a, where it is simultaneously gent both to block and to druin The pair of lingers l5, b as they oy drurn 2, inove as irnole (that is sa;

disregarding their pivotal movement) approximately tivice as fast as blank d is roll-ed. Accordingly, the point of tangency of the fingers 1F upon the blank d advances along the tips of the lingers until presently this point of tangency reaches the rear edge of the tip of the iin' ers7 and thereafter the function of the nngers having been performed, the lingers are carried forward With the drinn and in advance of the blanlr until their servi-ces are again needed. Meanwhile the blank will have entered the normal portion ot the slot o, and will be carried forward without the aid ot lingers 15. lnasmuch druni 2 travels at twice the speed of the cutters, there ordinarily will be halt as many pairs of fingers upon drum 2 as there are .cutters upon wheel 12. The drawings show tour cutters arranged at quadrant points upon wheel l2, and correspondingly tivo pairs ot lingers 15 arranged diametrically opposite one another.

The cutter carryingY wheel 12 is advantageously provided in the intervals between cutters and opposite the slot o with extended bosses 18 carefully proportioned, against which newly introduced blanks fl may be brought to position ready -for the cuttingv operation.

1t will olf 'course be understood that the shelf 14 will be so shaped that while sustaininga newly introduced blank cl, it will not in any way interfere with the rotation of the cutter-wheel 12 carrying at is doe;

the cutters 13 :and the arc-shaped bosses 18. lt remains toy be remarked that there is no movement of the cutters in a direc-tion perpendicular to the plane oi' their orbit: there is no swinging oit the cutters in their carrier., the ycutter wheel and the par-ts which it carries advance :as an integer.. ln this respect the machine oit this application di .tfers from :tl'iemaohine Ioi my application Serial No. 453,264, alluded to above. And it shouldin .this connection be remembered that there is no loiigitudinal movement ot the bolt under treatment, no feeding oi' it forward toward the cutter. ^ts motions are rotation upon its `anis and advance alongl slot a. The progressive cutting' of the point is due to the tact. that the cnt-ting` edge ot the knife is inclined to the anis of 'the `bolt from Ithe forward end b to the rear end that ya portion only of the cutting edge engages the work any given moment; and that this work-engaging portion "progresses from end to @end of the oblfiquely set edge.

Operation is as follows: The parte beine' assembled as shown in Figures l and lll, the direction of rotation vof drum 2 and oit wheel 12 is anti-clockwise (et. Fig. l) and the speed of rotation of drum 2 is as has already been made plain .twice the speed oit rotation of wheel 12. An unpointed bolt is laid on 'the bar 121 and advanced until it ab-uts upon boss 18. Rota-tion of ilrum f2 presently brings a pair oi' fingers 'lo ini'jo engagement with the blank d. the ting-reis advancing Acontine the bla-nl: closely between themselves vand the opposite tace of. block 3, and cause the blank to begin to `roll advance along the slot ce in anti-clockwise direction. As the drum continues to turn, the vpair oil fingers yielding somewhat` under spring tension with which they are advancerelatively to the blank, and presently pass ahead ot' the blank, but meanwhile they will have brought the blank beyond thel widened part of slot o, and into the portion ot the slot which is ot normal width. There the blank enpag'ed simultaneously by the normal opposite walls ot the slot, and its rolling advance is continued without intermission. rEhe 'blank advances at somethingi` less than halt the speed at. which the surface ot drum 2 advances, and at something` less than the speed at which the cutter 13, immediately to rearward, advances.

Considering now the cutting;` operation more n'iinutely, and beginning' with the parts in the position shown `at the right in Figures l and ll, it will be seen that the cutting edge Z -o ot the knife is cominginto engagement with the'end ot the b ntf d. As operation progresses, the knite o-vei'- takes the blank; and, comparing the three positions shown somewhat diagramma@ cally in Figure arranged at quadrant points, it will be seen that in the course oit the advanceoit the blank throughout the or@ tent ot its semi-circular path (t the whole length ot the `knife passes across the dianiei'ical width ot the blank. On the right, the lut-ite is rearward of the blank. 0n the lett. the blank is rearward ot the knife, whi at the intermediate point above, the

wholl)v oi lies the blank.

Turning' now to Figure V of the drawings, the line 1i-f will indicate the position oit ine cutting' edge oit the mite relatively to the bla i (Z at the moment when Athe blank ente the slot a.. Presently the edge oi? the knife will overlie the blank on the line Lge-7i, and it will be observed that in this position a out is being 'formed which entends trom the center to the perimeter of the blank. operation progresses, the edge ot the knife will advance so that the line 'ot' cut will. come progressively to the posit-ions indicated the lines' j, c-Z, ine-n, 0 2?. The line. upon which the out is progressing then advances with the operationrom the center oit turningw toward the perimeter; and meanwhile the clearance alluded to above in the shapingr oit the knife Iofi-ves space tor the developine' point beyond the cutting e e of the The outline of the ultiniaiey formed point is in Figure V indicated by the lines t 'r-fe.

Fig'. Vl is a diagrammatic showing, being a view of the blank in section, on the plane indicated by the line /c-Z, V, the opera-L tion out pointing having; advanced until the edge ot' the cutter lies in the line k-Z, but no further. lt will he observed that the point o1 has developed and this point now lies within the under-eut at the edge of the knife. Cutting is progressing on Iso much llU of the line /c-Z as is indicated at .fc-1% This line of cut of y always entends to the periphery of the blank, and diminishes in length, until at the completion of the operation it is Zero. The region x-y/ of actual contact, of diminishing length, as already explained, is, as operation pregressa, constantly advancing alongij the knife edge in the direction indicated by tl arroiv in lll.

lt will immediately be apparent to the engineer that minute shaping of the knife edge makes possible minute predation in the shape of the point which is cut. rllhis point may be rounded,-a shape which ordinarily is advantageous.

l have in Figure vll indicated such a modiiication in the shaping` of tlie knife edge as will elfe/ct a modification in the shape of the point when cut, and in iguro Vlll l have indicated a bolt having;` a point of such shape as the kni e of lig, Vf Will produce. ln this instance the edge of the knife ZJ-o is formed in tivo portions b-.e and 2Mo. The portion 7;-.2 so shaped as to extend concentrically with respect to the center of turning of Wheel l2 and the portion extends angularly "-.vith respect to the portion Zi-a The effect of the portion i-.e of the edge, as ivill from what has gone before be apparent, Will be to cut a square end upon the blank; the effect of the portion c inasmuch as it entends obliquely to the circumference in which the portion o o lies, will be generally the same as the effect of the knife edge J-c of Figs. Il and lV, to cut a taper; the effect of the arching` of the edge 2-c, as shown in Fig. VU, will be to make a rounded taper; and, inasmuch as the portion of the cutting edge begins to take effect after the blank has past part Way beneath the knife, the effect of thc Whole edge will. be to out centrally a square end and peripherally a rounded taper, producing the shape particularly shown in Fig. Vlll. Vil clearly indicates that the cutting;- edge -z-c is aucled, and this angling is in tivo planes, and it Will be apparent that by modilication of these angles in one or the other plane the shape of the .finished end of the bolt may be varied at ivill.

l do not mean to limit myself to details of structure nor to details of machine operation. The reader will not fail to observe that in some respects the machine is not identically the same as the machine of the companion method application, Serial No. 475,289, alluded to above, but in these respects my specifications are exemplary merely. Furthermore, it is manifest that the invention is applicable not to the pointim.;v of bolts merely, but generally to the shaping of the ends of spindle f rnied articlesn i l claim as my invention:

l. ln a machine for shaping the ends of spindle-formed articles, the combination of two cylindrical surfaces of concentric curvature spaced apart and movable in the direction of their parallelism, one relatively to the other, a critter arranged Opposite the slot formed by and between such surfaces, mo`vable longitudinally of said slot, lined in its position transversely of the slot, and hav ing; a cutting` edge extending when the parts are mbled longitudinally with respect to the slot and also longitudinally with respect to the axis of the said cylindrical surfaces, means for imparting to the said cylindrical surfaces relative rotation and means for imparting to said cutter rotation on comino-n axis with the said cylindrical surfaces and intermediate speed.

in a machine for shapingl the ends of spindloformed articles, the combination of tivo cylindrical surfaces of concentric curva-- ture spaced apart and movable in the direc-- tion of their parallelism, one relatively to the other, a cutt r arranged opposite the slot formed by and between such surfaces, movable longitudinally of said slot, fixed in its position transversely of the slot, and having; a cutting' edge extending` when the parts are assembled in a line oblique to the radius of curvature, means for imparting,` to the said cylindrical surfaces relative rotation and means for imparting` to said critter rotation on common axis with the said cylindrical surfaces and at intermediate speed.

3. ln a machine for shaping the ends of spindle-formed articles, the combination o l tivo cylindrical surfaces different in length of radius of curvature, coaxially arranged and rotatable one relatively to the other, and a cutter arranged opposite the slot formed by and between such surfaces, movable longitudinally of said slot, fixed in its position transversely of the slot, the cutting edge of said cutter extendingl in a direction Which is oblique at once to the radius of curvatura and to the anis of the cylindrical surfaces, means for imparting` to the said cylindrical surfaces relative rotation and means for imparting; to said cutter rotation on common axis vivith the said cylindrical surfaces and at intermediate speed.

ln a machine for shaping the ends of spindle-formed articles the combination of tivo cylindrical surfaces different in length of radius of curvature, coaxially arranged and rotatable one relatively to the other. a cutter arranged opposite the slot formed by and between said surfaces and movable longitudinally of said slot at half the speed of the relative movement aforesaid, fixed in its position transversely of the slot, the edge of said cutter extending` obliquely to the radins of curvature, means for imparting` to the said cylindrical surfaces relative rotation and means for imparting to said cut- Sii ter rotation on common axis with the said cylindrical surfaces and at intermediate speed.

5. In a machine for shaping the ends of spindle-formed articles, means for rotating' a blank on its axis and for simultaneously iinpelling it in a direction perpendicular. to its axis, a blade arranged opposite the path of blank advance, and means for moving said blade along the path ot blank advance and at a rate of speed different vtrom that oft an advancing blank, said blade having a cutting edge which extends longitudinally of the path of blank advance and obliquely to the axis of an advancing blank.

6. In a machine for shaping spindletormed articles, means 'for rotating a blank on its axis and for simultaneously iinpelling it in a direction perpendicularI to its axis, a blade extending opposite the path of blank advance and in a. line oblique both to the axis of the blank and to. the direction of its advance, and means for causing the blade to advance in the saine direction with the blank but at a diiierent speed, said` blade being xed in its position longitudinally o't' the blank.

7. In a machine for shaping the ends of spindle-formed articles, a blank support and a cutter, whose cutting edge extends in a tion of rotation on itsaxis and a motion of translation in a direction perpendicular to its axis relatively to said cutter.

8. In a machine for shaping spindleformed articles, the combination of two cylindrical surta-ces di'erent in length of radius ort curvature, coaxially arranged and rotatable one relatively to the other, the curvature of one of said surfaces being modied, whereby throughout a portion of its extent the slot formed by and between the surfaces is widened, and a spring-backed pivoted finger whose relative movement is identical with the other of the two cylindrical surfaces, normally extending beyond such other surface and overlying the slot formed by and between the said surfaces, and means for shaping the end of a blank as it is rolled by and in the slot between such surfaces and such cooperating inger.

ln testimony whereof(l I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES CRAG.

iVitnesses v BAYARD H. CHRISTY 4Pnncr A. ENGLISH. 

